How the blood glucose level drops in motion
You need glucose to enter cells from the blood , a protein called glucose transporter (GLUT), glucose is to appropriately for Nagarekome by moving the cell membrane from the cytoplasm.
There is a type of 10 or more in GLUT, we have been have numbered each type difference by the cells. For example, a specific type has been abundant in each organ GLUT1 in the placenta , GLUT2 in the liver , GLUT3 in the brain , GLUT4 in fat and muscle , GLUT5 and , in the small intestine .
There is also the small intestine and kidney GLUT2 , but not only in fat and muscle GLUT4, this is the key of glycemic control . GLUT4 is , to put glucose into fat and muscle as a " door" , insulin and the role of the "key" .
Muscles fat also are also dozens kilograms weighs , and it may be said that it is the largest organ of in the body . And that the blood sugar level is lowered in the movement , I would be that there is a mechanism by which glucose is taken without regard to the insulin .
In a recent study , it has been found that the degradation products of ATP that can be by motion , activates the enzyme called AMP kinase , it is a bridge to take up sugar . It becomes large talk a little , but produce energy of motion is called molecule ATP ( adenosine triphosphate) . Then , when the energy is released , is ( adenosine diphosphate ) ADP phosphoric acid is liberated , it is to AMP ( adenosine monophosphate ) to separate the phosphoric acid.
It was found that AMP kinase which activates it , and has a mechanism of activating GLUT4 capturing glucose , is moved towards the cell membrane without the involvement of insulin , glucose coming into the cell I .
Uptake of glucose by exercise
The muscle , and GLUT8, GLUTn has also been found in other . The muscle , speed and muscle to help you sprint faster contraction , but have only a short period of time , slow contraction , but is able to work for a long time , there is a slow muscle to help long-distance running .
Because there to slow muscle cells among the muscle GLUTU, there is a possibility that during the marathon jogging or aerobic exercise , incorporating aggressively , especially glucose . Is there in both fat and muscle GLUT4 , but can ADP exercise it because only muscle cells but also the benefits of killing two birds with one stone glucose is taken into the only muscle cells , is not incorporated into the fat cells, mast would be eliminated there .
However, in vivo , there is also a point that the mechanism of sugar uptake by GLUT, do not know yet . I think even in diabetic patients , glucose uptake capacity from the gastrointestinal tract because it does not fall , GLUT5 of the small intestine and does not require insulin .
GLUT2 also of the liver , when you consider that diabetes patients prone to fatty liver , glucose is always contained in the liver cells , activation by substances other than insulin is likely . There is only GLUT1 and GLUT3 in the brain , but the brain because it is the largest organ that consumes glucose , Will there are various power formic doors and to ensure glucose uptake even in the absence of insulin .
Effect of IGF-Ⅰ
IGF-I is insulin-like growth factor, it is the material that is also called somatomedins. This is a hormone produced about one milligram of days in response to the stimulation of growth hormone in a variety of organs, but it also acts like insulin in cell metabolism and absorption of glucose.
The insulin injection, since is the reason disturb the homeostasis of metabolic state that involvement of a variety of substances, such as this, you have to worry about points and in the long run.